The role of the Chilean Army as a state Antarctic operator in Antarctic International Law

Abstract

The article analyses the role of the Chilean Army as a state Antarctic operator and its relationship with Antarctic International Law, the Chilean Antarctic Statute, and the current institutional framework, in particular the National Antarctic Policy 2024 and the Antarctic Strategic Plan 2026–2030. The objective is to assess the compatibility between the functions performed by this state operator and the principles of the Antarctic Treaty System, especially regarding peaceful use, scientific cooperation, and environmental protection. Methodologically, a qualitative, legal-documentary study is developed, based on normative analysis and the review of public policy documents and specialized literature. The results show that the activities of the Chilean Army —in the areas of permanent presence, exploration, reconnaissance, support for scientific research, logistical support, international cooperation, and emergency management— reinforce the State’s sovereign presence and contribute to expanded human security in Antarctica. It is concluded that its action is legally compatible with the Antarctic regime, as long as it remains strictly oriented to peaceful, scientific, and environmental protection purposes.